Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2556:37-43. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2635-1_4.
ABSTRACT
Hemagglutinin (HA) on the surface of influenza viruses binds to sialic acids, mainly N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or N-glycolylneuraminic acid. Neu5Ac and N-glycolylneuraminic acid lie at the terminal end of sugar chains on the cell surface. Human influenza viruses preferentially bind to sialic acids bound to galactose by the alpha2-6 linkage (Neu5Acα2-6Gal), abundant in the human airway. In contrast, avian influenza viruses preferentially bind to Neu5Acα2-3Gal, abundant in the intestine of ducks. Sambucus nigra lectin (SNA) and Maackia amurensis lectin (MAA) bind to Neu5Acα2-6Gal and Neu5Acα2-3Gal, respectively. These two lectins have therefore been applied to detect sialic acids on the airway epithelium of animals.
PMID:36175625 | DOI:10.1007/978-1-0716-2635-1_4
About The Author
Patrick Blanchard MD
Meet Dr. Blanchard
Dr. Blanchard’s medical practice is an embodiment of Integrative health which brings conventional and complementary approaches together in a coordinated way. Conveniently located in sunny Florida and over the internet with ValiseMD’s secure HIPPA compliant telXmed servers. Since 1994, patients with a wide range of challenging medical problems have achieved optimum health using the best of natural medicine, judiciously combined with high-tech innovations. Breakthroughs are often achieved even after patients have consulted mainstream specialists and holistic practitioners.
Dr. Blanchard is founder and CEO of ValiseMD, Inc. He is board certified in Family Medicine since 1994 and awarded Fellow of the American Academy of Family Physicians in 2001. He received the ‘Teacher of the Year’ award from the University of Kansas School of Medicine at completion of his residency in Family Medicine. He completed a fellowship at Wake Forest University in the field of vascular neurosonology. He holds a medical patent in the field of Gastroenterology. He holds an unrestricted license to practice medicine and surgery in Florida. He started his medical career as a Emergency Medical Technician, then as a Paramedic and later a Medical Doctor.